Adding a paddler adds more variables than can possibly be accounted for here, even under strenuous testing conditions. Testing a boat alone can be done.
Also, talking about a canoe having to be upright to be paddled is misleading. Canadians paddle routinely with the boat canted up 20-40 degrees to one side.
Also, talking about how a kayak waggles when paddled with a double paddle is misleading. That's how they were designed several thousand years ago, and how they are still paddled. When the forward power stroke is done correctly with a kayak paddle, the arms are not fatigued. You use back muscles, not arm muscles to power the paddle.
Also, talking about a canoe having to be upright to be paddled is misleading. Canadians paddle routinely with the boat canted up 20-40 degrees to one side.
Also, talking about how a kayak waggles when paddled with a double paddle is misleading. That's how they were designed several thousand years ago, and how they are still paddled. When the forward power stroke is done correctly with a kayak paddle, the arms are not fatigued. You use back muscles, not arm muscles to power the paddle.