GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS
Once in a while, it's a good idea to go back to some basics. Today, I did that. Julie and I took off, flew SE'ly from the field to a practice area. First, I made sure that Lansing Approach had us on radar and kept watch for approaching aircraft. Then we did a 360 clearing turn to verify visually that no one was around. Then we went to work.
Steep turns were first. Roll it up to a 45 degree bank, add a bit of throttle, richen the mixture a bit, pull back on the yoke, and watch it go around. Keep an eyeball on the horizon, keep it in the same alignment on the windshield, watch altitude, watch airspeed, keep an eye out for other aircraft, what's the oil pressure? Twice around to the left is enough; level it out and roll right to 45 degrees. I seem to have difficulty holding it at the full 45 degrees, and like 30 degrees better. Not good enough, do it again - better this time.
OK, all done here. We're dropping down from 3,000' to 2,000', and looking for a long, north/south road. The next maneuver is "S" turns along a road. Wind is from the west at about 5 mph. Procedure here is to enter the maneuver heading down wind. We're cruising along going E'ly, looking for a north/south road with a straight section about 5 miles long. AHH! There's one.
Because we're going down wind, our ground speed is faster than our airspeed. Obviously, when we turn upwind, the ground speed will be less than our airspeed. If we crossed the road straight on, at a 90 degree angle and banked into a left turn, the wind will carry us out away from the road. As I continue the 180 degree turn to approach the road, I'm supposed to be complete with the turn and be back wings level and crossing the road going straight across. At this point, I'm supposed roll right and arc out into 180 degree turn and complete it as I cross the road and have wings level at that time.
Here's where the wind effect comes in. The turns on both sides of the road are supposed to be equal on the ground. But, because the wind pushes me out further on when I'm going down wind, and curtails forward progress when I'm going upwind, I have to adjust bank angle to finish quicker on one side than on the other. It's always a judgement call, and not an exact science. Today, things went better than I have ever done. HEY!
From here, we went on to do turns about a point. Again, wind drift affects the ground path. I found a pond, circled it twice to the left, and called it good. Next time, we'll do some slow flight and stalls. And steep turns too.
As we began our letdown, I switched on radio# 2 and listened to weather. Wind is straight down the runway! No crosswind to fight. A nice landing, taxi in, and put away the DUck, We'd cheated death again.